Russian Mathematics İn Norwegian Classrooms Challenges in Implementing Zankov’s Didactic-Methodological System in Primary Mathematics Education in Norway

Abstract

Developmental Education in Mathematics (DEM) according to Zankov’s model, or “Russian mathematics”, has been in use in Norway since 2009 in an increasing number of schools (about 100 elementary schools in 2024). There has been relatively little research into the implementation of this teaching method in a Norwegian context. In this article we review the fundamental elements and characteristics of Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximate Development (ZPD) and the didactic principles and methodology in Zankov’s system. We also discuss some challenges concerning the implementation of Zankov’s didactic system in Norwegian primary schools and some possible explanations.